Prostatitis - inflammation of the prostate gland can manifest itself in acute and chronic forms.
It is difficult to ignore acute inflammation: its symptoms are clearly pronounced, which cannot be said about the chronic manifestation of this disease.Thisasymptomatic, but it does its job "excellent", damages the tissues of the body and reduces its functions.
About chronic prostatitis: types and features
Inflammation of the prostate is considered chronic,if his indolent symptoms persist for more than 3 months.
According to statistics, only 5% of cases are acute, and the remaining 95% are chronic prostatitis.It affects men of reproductive age and even young men aged 18-20 years are susceptible to this disease.
There can be two reasons for the development of chronic prostatitis: infection and stagnation of blood in the pelvis.
Infectionenters the prostate in several ways:
- with blood flow from infectious sites in the body - rotten teeth, pneumonia, inflamed maxillary sinuses, pustular formations,
- with lymph flow from nearby organs, for example, from hemorrhoids, intestines with dysbacteriosis,
- sex
- descending or ascending from the infected urinary tract - bladder or urethra.
Inflammation of the prostate caused by sexually transmitted pathogens such as gonococcus, chlamydia, and pale treponema requires special attention.The symptoms of such prostatitis and genital infections are similar and they can "hide" behind the symptoms of these diseases.This type of prostatitis is easy to trigger.
Reduction of immunity and hormonal imbalancein particular, it stimulates the development and spread of infection.
Non-infectious or congestive prostatitisIt appears as a result of disruption of blood and lymph flow from the pelvis, as well as stagnation of prostate juice in the ducts of the gland.
Instigate such eventsthe following factors:
- disorders in sexual life - long-term abstinence, interrupted movements, unfulfilled desire,
- smoking - nicotine spasms blood vessels and interferes with normal blood circulation,
- sedentary lifestyle,
- tight clothes,
- alcohol abuse.Alcoholic drinks irritate the walls of the glandular ducts, causing their inflammation.
- constipation
Congestive prostatitis occurs 8 times more often than infectious prostatitis and very rarely develops as a complication of acute inflammation of the prostate.
Bacterial prostatitis
This type of disease is also calledchronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS).The main symptom is pain in the pelvic area, but the microbiological examination of urine and prostate secretions shows the absence of pathogenic microorganisms.
Painful sensations acquire different intensity and localization.They spread to the perineum or bladder, genitals.The process of ejaculation is also painful.Urinary and sexual problems are also present, but they are secondary.
If the pain lasts for 3 months or more, it is diagnosed.
There are 2 types of CPPS:
- Inflammatory CPPS- an increase in the number of leukocytes is detected in the urine and prostate secretion, which indicates inflammation.Microorganisms are not detected.There are several reasons for the appearance of this type of inflammation.On the one hand, this is possible with the reflux (reflux) of clean urine from the urethra to the gland.This is facilitated by anatomical defects or violation of muscle contraction of the bladder, prostate organ, and perineum.Urine, or rather, the urates in it, cause inflammation of the prostate.On the other hand, it is believed that the culprit of this process is still bacteria that cannot be determined by the classical method.Molecular diagnostics should be used to identify them.The 3rd reason is autoimmune processes occurring in the body.
- Non-inflammatory CPPS- there are no leukocytosis and microorganisms in the analysis.Instrumental diagnostics are used to make a diagnosis.This allows identifying innervation problems or muscle changes in the prostate and other organs:
- cervical part of the bladder - stenosis or proliferation,
- pelvic region - myalgia, muscle tension, violation of the passage of nerve impulses;
- urethra - narrowing, increased pressure,
- prostate - urine flow, increased pressure.
OftenNervous disorders are observed in patients with CPPS: anxiety, irritability, depressive tendencies.
Bacterial prostatitis
Chronic inflammation of the prostate of bacterial etiologyIt begins to manifest itself with a slight discomfort when urinating.This includes minor pain, itching or burning, and a decrease in flow.The color of the urine changes and it has an unpleasant smell.Unpleasant sensations may also bother you during bowel movements.A dull, dull pain appears in the perineum.
to ariseproblems in sex life.At the beginning of the disease, they are situational in nature: weakening of erection or increased frequency of its occurrence at night, acceleration of ejaculation, violation of orgasmic sensations.
A characteristic symptom for this stage- the appearance of discharge from the urethra during defecation.
Such slow symptoms can last quite a long time.A man can attribute everything to other reasons and ignore them.In the absence of treatment, they progress and exacerbation of the chronic process occurs, the intensity of feelings increases.
Urination is painful, the urge to go to the toilet is more frequent.At a certain point, these manifestations weaken due to the compensatory growth of the bladder muscles, and then resume with greater force.
The pain in the perineum also increases.It spreads to the lower back, pubis, leg, scrotum.The nature of the pain also changes: it becomes stronger and sharper and bothers you at night.
Sexual dysfunction increases and becomes permanent.Ejaculation is accompanied by pain, erection and decreased libido.
Patients are also accompanied by increased sweating, including in the perineum.Body temperature rises slightly - 37-37.5 °.
Against the background of sexual disorders in menmental disorders develop.They become angry, irritable and can become depressed.
At this stage, the treatment of the disease reduces the intensity of the symptoms and the exacerbation phase goes into remission.
Other types of chronic prostatitis
There is a conceptcalculous prostatitis.This disease is quite rare and affects older men.It is characterized by prostatic fluid, inflammatory effusion, and the formation of stones consisting of phosphates and calcium.
Symptoms of this type of disease are pain with a characteristic localization for prostatitis.They intensify with movement and after sex.Blood appears in the ejaculation.There are other signs of inflammation of the gland.
Stones are the result of long-term prostatitis or adenoma.
Congestive prostatitisThere are bacterial and non-bacterial.Its feature is mild symptoms:
- low grade fever,
- unpleasant sensations in the groin,
- urinary problems,
- irritability,
- sexual disorders.
There are thosetypes of chronic prostatitis:
- autoimmune- develops in immune diseases, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus,
- hormonal-dystrophic- occurs as a result of hormonal imbalances, hormonal diseases (diabetes), physiological aging of the body;
- vegetovascular- occurs against the background of vegetative-vascular dystonia.It causes problems with blood circulation.
How the disease is detected: diagnosis
Chronic prostatitis is diagnosedsame as acute methods.
First of allthe doctor interviews and examines the patient.The examination is carried out using a digital rectal examination of the prostate.It may be enlarged, painful, asymmetric and hardened.In rare cases (non-inflammatory CPPS) it is not changed.
The next doctorwill order tests.Laboratory methods include general blood and urine tests and analysis of prostate secretions.They will show an increased white blood cell count.Bacteriological examination of urine and prostate juice reveals the pathogen.Sometimes these indicators may be normal, but the process still exists.
To confirm the fact of the disease, blood is tested for PSA.Instrumental methods will also help: ultrasound, TRUS, uroflowmetry.
Very often, it turns out that a person does not suspect that he has such a disease, ignoring the symptoms.It is discovered accidentally during systematic examinations.Therefore, it is recommended not to disrupt the system and not to neglect scheduled inspections.
Pharmacological treatment
First of all, for the treatment of chronic prostatitisantibiotics are prescribed.The course is long - 1-1.5 months.Before prescribing antibacterial agents, the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to drugs are determined.
Requireduse immunocorrective drugs, because reduced immunity is a common cause of inflammation.The help of an immunologist is possible.
Therapy for chronic inflammation of the prostateYou can not do without anti-inflammatory drugs.To begin with, non-steroidal drugs are prescribed.They are used in the form of tablets or injections.If the desired result is not achieved, hormones are used.
Alpha blockerswill help relieve muscle tension from the bladder and perineum.They act symptomatically, reduce pain and improve urination.
If unbearable pain occurs,painkillers are topical.
It is worth noting separatelyabout the use of a dosage form such as a suppository.They are perfect for treating chronic prostatic processes.Often, its symptoms are mild, and the mild effect of suppositories is enough to relieve them.
They are inserted into the rectum.Its location close to the prostate gland allows for quick and effective results.In addition, the harmful effect of pills on the gastrointestinal tract and difficulties associated with injection are eliminated.Suppositories have an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect on the body.
Physiotherapy and other methods
In addition to drugs, other methods are used in the treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- rectal prostate massage- is carried out through the rectum.The procedure eliminates stagnation of prostate juice and also increases the effect of drugs.It is contraindicated in cases of exacerbation of the disease and the presence of stones in the prostate gland.
- physiotherapy improves blood circulation in the affected organ and improves its nutrition.Methods usedUHF, electrophoresis, darsonvalizationand others.They are shown only in the phase of remission,
- Prostatitis affects not only the organs, but also the psyche of a man.It may be necessaryhelp from a psychologist or psychotherapist,
- acupunctureis a common method of treatment of chronic prostatitis.The procedure affects the body indirectly through acupuncture points,
- exercises, such as squatting, walking, jumping will increase blood circulation in the pelvis and eliminate congestion,
- actively usedbalneotherapy- treatment with mineral waters.
Medicines are part of the treatment of chronic prostatitis.But they can cause a number of complications.And since the treatment of this type of disease is long-term, people have found ways to partially replace such drugs.He came to helptraditional medicine.
It is a leader among folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitispumpkin seeds.They contain a lot of zinc, which is important for men's health.Seeds can be consumed separately: 30 grams will fill the daily requirement of the main trace element.You can also grind them in a meat grinder and mix them with honey to make balls from the resulting mixture.You need to keep them in the refrigerator and consume 1 piece before eating.
It is very useful to drink during inflammation of the prostatefreshly squeezed juices of beets, carrots, cucumbers and asparagus.The daily volume should be at least 0.5 liters.
BlueberryPerfect for prostate regeneration.It contains many useful substances, trace elements and vitamins.
Rarely in the treatment of prostatitisit is necessary to resort to surgery.Indications for this include lack of improvement from conservative treatment, as well as acute processes: abscess and other purulent inflammation of the prostate, acute urinary retention, proliferation of glandular tissue, as well as benign and malignant formations.
Surgical treatment is performed using several methods: It can be partial resection of this organ, opening of ulcers, cutting of the foreskin or removal of the entire gland.
How to prevent the development of chronic prostatitis
Prevention of this diseasecan be primary or secondary.
Primary preventionconsists in preventing the occurrence of the disease and includes the following measures:
- protect immunity,
- regularity of sexual activity,
- physical exercises and moderate loads.This is especially important for those who lead a sedentary lifestyle.
- avoid hypothermia,
- stopping infectious foci in the body,
- timely treatment of urogenital infections,
- make sure you have regular medical check-ups,
- do not abuse alcohol and cigarettes.
Secondary preventionincludes measures to prevent relapse of the disease.In the first year of prostatitis, a man should visit a urologist once every 3 months.Then - once every 6 months.If the aggravation of the disease does not occur, the patient is removed from the dispensary observation.
Great for preventing prostatitissanatorium-spa treatment is appropriate.Modern sanatoriums offer complexes of procedures from physiotherapy and balneotherapy and other natural resources.
Importantwatch your diet too.Include more vegetables and fruits and a variety of cereals in the menu.You should also enrich your diet with fermented milk products.Eating seafood will compensate for zinc deficiency.
You should stay away from salty, spicy and smoked foods, and you should not use too many spices.Legumes, fatty foods and flour products should be excluded.
Chronic prostatitis is a slow but long-term process.He is cunning with complications:
- cystitis, pyelonephritis - urolithiasis,
- vesiculitis - an inflammatory process in the seminal vesicles,
- Epididymo-orchitis is an inflammatory process of the testicles,
- hypotrophy of the gland,
- infertility and impotence.
Treatment of the disease -quite a long process.But to protect your health and the chances of having a healthy child, it is worth going this way to the end.